苹果枣组培脱毒与快繁技术

采用热处理与组织培养技术相结合培育苹果枣苗．能有效脱除枣疯病原MLO。对苹果枣组培脱毒与快繁技术的研究结果表明,适宜的诱导培养基为MS BA1．0mg／L KT0．5mg／L 3％蔗糖,继代培养基为MS BA1．5mg／L IBA0．5mg／L 3蔗糖,生根培养基为MS IBA1．0mg／L IAA0．5mg／L 3％蔗糖．试管苗无土移栽成活率为96％。     

基于PROSAIL结合VMG模型的冬小麦叶面积指数反演方法

针对物理模型抗噪能力差且容易过拟合的问题,提出一种PROSAIL模型结合VMG(VARI（Visible atmospherically resistant index）、MGRVI （Modified green red vegetation index）、GRRI （Green red ratio index）)多元回归模型反演冬小麦叶面积指数（Leaf area index, LAI）方法。实验基于无人机影像（Unmanned aerial vehicles, UAV）,选择河南省焦作市东南部的山阳区为实验区,结合实测2个生育期冬小麦LAI数据。首先,构建RGB植被指数模型,选取其中最优VMG模型反演冬小麦LAI;然后,对PROSAIL参数敏感性进行分析,得到参数最优值,反演冬小麦LAI;最后,采用快速模拟退火（Very fast simulated annealing, VFSA）算法将两种模型结合,获得最优冬小麦LAI。结果表明：VFSA可以有效将PROSAIL模型和VMG模型结合,提高了反演精度,且优于VMG模型和PROSAIL模型,决定系数R²高于0...     

能量感应网络AMPK/SIRT1/PGC-lα对骨骼肌纤维类型转化调节

腺苷酸活化蛋白激酶(AMPK)、沉默信息调节因子1(SIRT1)和过氧化物酶体增殖激活受体γ辅助激活因子α(PGC-1α)构成一个调节细胞能量输出的信号网络,即能量感应网络,共同调节机体能量代谢、线粒体功能以及肌纤维类型的转化。本文拟综合国内外最新研究报道,总结AMPK/SIRT1/PGC-lα能量感应网络在肌纤维类型转化过程中所发挥的重要作用,为畜牧生产以及人的营养研究提供参考。     

Effects of Wnt/β-catenin signal pathway on asthma airway remodeling

AIM: To explore the effect of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in airway smooth muscle cells (ASMC) on asthmatic airway remodeling.METHODS: The asthmatic airway remodeling model in rats was established and the ASMC was isolated and cultured. The protein expression of β-catenin, glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β), c-Myc and cyclin D1 in the ASMC was determined by Western blot. After depressing the interaction between β-catenin and p300/CBP, the cell activity was measured by CCK-8 assay and the change of cell cycle distribution was analyzed by flow cytometry. Meanwhile, the protein expression of c-Myc and cyclin D1 in the ASMC was determined by Western blot after inhibiting P38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activity.RESULTS: The protein levels of β-catenin, c-Myc and cyclin D1 were significantly increased in asthma group while the protein level of GSK-3β was decreased in the same group (P<0.05). After depressing the interaction between β-catenin and p300/CBP, the cell activity of ASMC was decreased in asthma group compared with control group (P<0.05), and the change of the cell cycle distribution in asthma group was also more obvious (P<0.05). After inhibiting P38 MAPK activity, the protein levels of c-Myc and cyclin D1 were all decreased compared with control group in ASMC asthma and control rats (P<0.05).CONCLUSION: Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway may participates in airway remodeling in asthma by increasing the protein expression of c-Myc and cyclin D1, reacting with the P38 MAPK signaling pathway and regulating the growth of ASMC.     

杉木速生丰产林营造新技术

从造林地选择、造林前准备、植苗造林、造林后管护、造林投入分析、新技术适用范围等方面介绍了以"化学除草+造林地内培植大苗"的杉木营造林新技术。     

苹果“营养袋”快速育苗关键技术研究

经研究认为，苹果“营养袋”快速育苗的关键技术为：采用通透性良好的蜂窝状营养袋，以肥沃壤土７３．５％，配以２５％的腐熟有机肥，加入１％的过磷酸钙及０．５％的尿素作为营养土，于２月１５日前后播入温床，培养砧木幼苗，于当年５月下旬在苗圃地进行带木质芽接。     

RADIOGRAPHIC EVALUATION OF APPENDICULAR SKELETAL MATURATION IN THE RHESUS MONKEY*

Longitudinal radiographic evaluation of skeletal maturation in 28 rhesus monkeys demonstrated that the majority of appendicular ossification centers were identified radiographically by 175 days of age and that physeal union was complete by 7.3 years in males and 7.2 years in females.     

Preliminary investigations on the effects of a Strongylus vulgaris larval extract,mononuclear factors and platelet factors on equine smooth muscle cells in vitro

Factors involved in the proliferation of equine vascular smooth muscle cells were studied in vitro. The most prominent proliferative responses in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells were induced by Strongylus vulgaris larval antigen extract (LAE) and platelet-derived factors. Less significant proliferative responses were obtained with conditioned media from S. vulgaris LAE stimulated and from unstimulated equine mononuclear leukocytes. Additionally, vascular smooth muscle cells exposed to S. vulgaris LAE developed numerous perinuclear vacuoles and were more spindle-shaped than control or smooth muscle cells exposed to other factors. Equine mononuclear leukocytes exposed to LAE developed prominent morphological changes, including enlargement, clumping and increased numbers of mitotic figures.     

Creatine kinase in the dog: A review

In the dog, creatine kinase (CK) is mostly present in the skeletal muscles, myocardium, brain and intestine. The MM isoenzyme predominates in muscles and myocardium. In plasma, reference values depend on the technique used and CK-MB accounts for about 30–45% of total CK activity. Sex has no influence on plasma CK activity, which is higher in young dogs than in adults. Plasma CK is elevated after physical exercise. After its release from the cells, CK reaches the plasma mostly via the lymphatic route and then remains in the plasma compartment. It is rapidly cleared with a half-life of about 2 hours. Muscle diseases are the main source of plasma CK elevations: inherited myopathies, malignant hyperthermia, hypothyroidism, vitamin E-selenium deficiency, prolonged decubitus, intramuscular injections, surgery, etc. Plasma CK is also increased in experimental myocardial infarction, for which the dog is an interesting model, allowing quantification of the damage by measuring the total CK activity released.Abbreviations ADP adenosine diphosphate - ATP adenosine triphosphate - CK creatine kinase - DGKC Deutsche Gesellschaft für klinische Chemie - IM intramuscular - IV intravenous - K _m Michaelis constant - poly(A) polyadenylate - RNA ribonucleic acid - mRNA messenger RNA     

鸡肉脂质脂肪酸组成的研究

本试验用６只迪卡青年蛋鸡的胸肌和大腿肌作为材料探讨了鸡肉脂质脂肪酸组成的特点，结果表明：鸡肉脂质脂肪酸组成中Ｃ１８：１／Ｃ１８：２组成占支配地位；两种鸡肉组织间，大腿肉多价不饱和脂肪酸组成比胸肉显高，而饱和脂肪酸组成则与此相反；鸡肉脂质Ｃ１８：１／Ｃ１８：０等胎肪酸组成的比值可做为鉴别鸡肉脂质与其它动物肉脂质的一种指标。